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Deposit

Deep dives into deposit (pay-in) flows for high-risk merchants. We cover:

Payment types

  • Cards: auth→capture, AVS/CVV2, 3DS2/SCA (frictionless vs challenge), network tokens, recurring/card-on-file.

  • APMs / bank rails: SEPA/SEPA Instant, Faster Payments, RTP, Open Banking, UPI, Pix; e-wallets; cash vouchers (e.g., OXXO/boletos).

  • Crypto: on-chain & Lightning/stablecoins via processors; instant conversion vs custody; refund/reversal logic.

Application patterns

  • One-off purchase vs account funding (wallet top-ups) with balance controls.

  • Escrow/hold & release for marketplaces or dispute windows; optional split payments.

  • Free trial → subscription and MIT sequences (CIT with SCA then MIT).

  • Bonus/loyalty mechanics and responsible-use checks (e.g., self-exclusion in iGaming).

Risk, routing & ops

  • KYC/KYB tiers, KYT, sanctions/geofencing, device/behavior signals, velocity/limit ladders.

  • Smart routing & cascading (BIN/issuer geo, product type), soft-decline retries with idempotency, failover to APMs.

  • Descriptor clarity, refund policies, chargeback/friendly-fraud playbooks.

  • Reconciliation & settlement: webhook design, file reports, T+ timings by rail.

KPIs

  • Authorization rate, approval uplift by method/geo, time-to-funds, chargeback/dispute ratio, refund-before-dispute rate, payment cost per approved deposit.